Top of page

Map A Chart of the Currents in the Indian Sea During the Southwest Monsoon, to the Northward of the Line. A chart of the currents in the Indian Sea during the northeast monsoon, to the northward of the line

About this Item

Title

  • A Chart of the Currents in the Indian Sea During the Southwest Monsoon, to the Northward of the Line.

Other Title

  • A chart of the currents in the Indian Sea during the northeast monsoon, to the northward of the line

Summary

  • Jacques-Raymond Grenier (1736-1803) was a French naval officer and hydrographer known primarily for his charts of the Indian Ocean. Grenier spent the years 1768-69 and 1772-76 exploring and charting the various islands in the Indian Ocean, particularly where the French had colonial possessions and interests. He wrote of his discoveries in his Mémoires de la campagne de découvertes dans les mers des Indes (Memoire of the explorations in the Indian Ocean) published in 1770. On the basis of Grenier's discoveries of the currents and winds prevailing during the southwest and northeast monsoons in the Indian Ocean, he found more direct and hence faster routes to and from French colonial possessions in India, including the Coromandel Coast, and to the Strait of Malacca, decreasing the length of such voyages by about 3,200 kilometers. This map shows the route from the Isle de France (Mauritius) to the East Indies formerly used by French mariners, which went northwest past the tip of Madagascar and hugged the east coast of Africa before sailing east past Ceylon (Sri Lanka) to Sumatra. It depicts the currents and winds charted by Grenier and the new route he discovered, which involved sailing more directly north and then turning east before reaching the equator for the Strait of Malacca. The map was originally engraved by Jean Lattré in 1776 and was included in Neptune oriental by Jean-Baptiste d'Après de Mannevillette. This edition appeared in The Oriental Pilot, or, a select collection of charts and plans, both general and particular; calculated for the navigation of the country trade in the seas beyond the Cape of Good Hope, published for the English market by Robert Sayer and Jonathan Bennett in 1778.

Names

  • Grenier, Jacques-Raymond, vicomte de, 1736-1803 Cartographer.

Created / Published

  • London : Robert Sayer and John Bennett, 1778-01-20.

Headings

  • -  1778
  • -  Coasts
  • -  Indian Ocean
  • -  Maps
  • -  Ocean currents

Notes

  • -  Title devised, in English, by Library staff.
  • -  "Map showing the currents in the Indian Ocean during the southwest monsoon. Includes the ancient course of the route to India. This plate is from: The Oriental pilot, or, A select collection of charts and plans ... for the navigation of the country trade in the seas beyond the Cape of Good Hope."--Note extracted from World Digital Library.
  • -  Original resource extent: 1 map.
  • -  Original resource at: Qatar National Library.
  • -  Content in English.
  • -  Description based on data extracted from World Digital Library, which may be extracted from partner institutions.

Medium

  • 1 online resource.

Digital Id

Library of Congress Control Number

  • 2021668726

Online Format

  • compressed data
  • image

Additional Metadata Formats

IIIF Presentation Manifest

Rights & Access

The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse. Researchers are encouraged to review the source information attached to each item. For information on contacting WDL partner organizations, see this archived list of partners

The Library asks that researchers approach the materials in this collection with respect for the culture and sensibilities of the people whose lives, ideas, and creativity are documented here.

Credit Line: [Original Source citation], World Digital Library

More about Copyright and other Restrictions

For additional information and contact information for many of the partner organizations, see this archived capture of the World Digital Library site from 2021.

For guidance about compiling full citations consult Citing Primary Sources.

Cite This Item

Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate.

Chicago citation style:

Grenier, Jacques-Raymond, Vicomte De, Cartographer. A Chart of the Currents in the Indian Sea During the Southwest Monsoon, to the Northward of the Line. London: Robert Sayer and John Bennett, -01-20, 1778. Map. https://www.loc.gov/item/2021668726/.

APA citation style:

Grenier, J. (1778) A Chart of the Currents in the Indian Sea During the Southwest Monsoon, to the Northward of the Line. London: Robert Sayer and John Bennett, -01-20. [Map] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2021668726/.

MLA citation style:

Grenier, Jacques-Raymond, Vicomte De, Cartographer. A Chart of the Currents in the Indian Sea During the Southwest Monsoon, to the Northward of the Line. London: Robert Sayer and John Bennett, -01-20, 1778. Map. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/2021668726/>.