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Photo, Print, Drawing Zhenshchiny-katorzhanki na rabote. Женщины-каторжанки на работе.

About this Item

Title

  • Zhenshchiny-katorzhanki na rabote.

Other Title

  • Женщины-каторжанки на работе.

Translated Title

  • Women Hard Labor Convicts at Work.

Summary

  • This photograph is from a collection consisting of an album and individual photographs preserved in the Aleksandrovsk Municipal History and Literature Museum "A.P. Chekhov and Sakhalin" in Alekandrovsk-Sakhalinskiy, Sakhalin Island (off Russia's southeast coast). The photographs were taken on Sakhalin Island during the late 19th and early 20th centuries and provide rare glimpses of the island's settlements, prisons, and inhabitants. Sakhalin Island was used by imperial Russia as a penal colony and place of exile for criminals and political prisoners. Between 1869 and 1906, more than 30,000 inmates and exiles endured the difficult conditions of the forced-labor colony on the island. Most of the photographs in the collection were taken by Sakhalin artist Ivan Nikolaevich Krasnov, although some are unattributed. The collection depicts public life and institutions in the town of Aleksandrovsk Post, convicts working under harsh conditions or in chains, and political prisoners. The photographs also show the daily life both of the Nivkh people, indigenous to the northern part of the island, and the Russian settler population. The predecessor of the Aleksandrovsk Municipal History and Literature Museum "A.P. Chekhov and Sakhalin" appears in the album's photographs. The museum's name refers to a trip taken to Sakhalin Island by the Russian writer and medical doctor Anton Chekhov in 1890, during which Chekhov researched the plight of island's prisoners and native populations. The publication of his Sakhalin Island in 1895 highlighted the depravity of the situation in this remote corner of Russia and led to public protests that helped bring about the closure of the penal colony. The collection was digitized for the Meeting of Frontiers digital library project in the early 2000s. World Digital Library.

Names

  • Krasnov, Ivan Nikolaevich , photographer.

Created / Published

  • Sakhalin, post Aleksandrovskiĭ : [publisher not identified], konet︠s︡ XIX-nachalo XX vv.

Headings

  • -  katorga
  • -  katorzhane
  • -  zhenshchiny
  • -  senokos
  • -  odezhda
  • -  instrumenty
  • -  Convict labor
  • -  Hay
  • -  Prisoners
  • -  Prisons
  • -  Russian Far East
  • -  Siberia
  • -  Women
  • -  Russian Federation
  • -  Sakhalin Oblast
  • -  Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinskiy
  • -  каторга
  • -  каторжане
  • -  женщины
  • -  сенокос
  • -  одежда
  • -  инструменты

Notes

  • -  Both female convicts and women following their husbands into exile were subject to sexual abuse in the marching convoys by which convicts and exiles were transported to Siberia. Regulations according to which men and women were to be separated in the convoys were not enforced, and many women were forced into prostitution. Conditions in locations of exile were no better; the wives were forced to support themselves and their families through prostitution in the absence of other possibilities for employment. In some locations, such as Sakhalin Island, prostitution was organized by the camp administration itself.
  • -  Original image at: Aleksandrovsk Municipal History and Literature Museum "A.P. Chekhov and Sakhalin"
  • -  From the photo album "Виды острова Сахалина."

Medium

  • 1 photograph : black and white ; 12.4 x 16.6 cm.

Source Collection

  • Ivan Nikolaevich Krasnov's Views of Sakhalin Island

Digital Id

Library of Congress Control Number

  • 2018684051

Online Format

  • image

Additional Metadata Formats

IIIF Presentation Manifest

Rights & Access

The Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright or other restrictions in the World Digital Library Collection. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse. Researchers are encouraged to review the source information attached to each item. For information on contacting WDL partner organizations, see this archived list of partners

The Library asks that researchers approach the materials in this collection with respect for the culture and sensibilities of the people whose lives, ideas, and creativity are documented here.

Credit Line: [Original Source citation], World Digital Library

More about Copyright and other Restrictions

For additional information and contact information for many of the partner organizations, see this archived capture of the World Digital Library site from 2021.

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Cite This Item

Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate.

Chicago citation style:

Krasnov, Ivan Nikolaevich, photographer. Zhenshchiny-Katorzhanki Na Rabote. Russian Federation Aleksandrovsk Sakhalin Oblast Sakhalinskiy, 1890. [Sakhalin, post Aleksandrovskiĭ: publisher not identified, konet︠s︡ XIX-nachalo XX vv] Photograph. https://www.loc.gov/item/2018684051/.

APA citation style:

Krasnov, I. N., photographer. (1890) Zhenshchiny-Katorzhanki Na Rabote. Russian Federation Aleksandrovsk Sakhalin Oblast Sakhalinskiy, 1890. [Sakhalin, post Aleksandrovskiĭ: publisher not identified, konet︠s︡ XIX-nachalo XX vv] [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2018684051/.

MLA citation style:

Krasnov, Ivan Nikolaevich, photographer. Zhenshchiny-Katorzhanki Na Rabote. [Sakhalin, post Aleksandrovskiĭ: publisher not identified, konet︠s︡ XIX-nachalo XX vv] Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/2018684051/>.